{"id":52116,"date":"2026-07-31T13:36:39","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T11:36:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=52116"},"modified":"2026-07-31T13:39:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T11:39:10","slug":"el-mapa-dels-interruptors-que-controlen-els-nostres-gens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-mapa-dels-interruptors-que-controlen-els-nostres-gens\/","title":{"rendered":"El mapa dels interruptors que controlen els nostres gens"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del nostre cos contenen pr\u00e0cticament els mateixos gens. Per\u00f2 una neurona \u00e9s molt diferent d\u2019una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula de la sang. La clau no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s quins gens tenim, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 quins s\u2019activen en cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula, quan ho fan i amb quina intensitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bona part d\u2019aquest control dep\u00e8n dels potenciadors o <em>enhancers<\/em>, regions de l\u2019ADN que funcionen com interruptors de l\u2019activitat g\u00e8nica. Aquests elements poden trobar-se molt lluny del gen que regulen dins de la seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia del genoma. Tanmateix, quan l\u2019ADN es plega, poden apropar-s\u2019hi f\u00edsicament i afavorir-ne l\u2019activaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ara, un equip internacional del <a href=\"https:\/\/www.encodeproject.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">consorci ENCODE<\/a>, amb participaci\u00f3 del <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Centre de Regulaci\u00f3 Gen\u00f2mica<\/a> (CRG), ha elaborat un <strong>mapa de m\u00e9s de 92 milions de possibles connexions entre potenciadors i gens<\/strong>. L\u2019estudi, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-026-10781-4?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">publicat a <em>Nature<\/em><\/a>, ha analitzat 1.458 mostres corresponents a 369 tipus cel\u00b7lulars i teixits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"941\" height=\"1672\" src=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca.png\" alt=\"Infografia que mostra com els potenciadors, regions reguladores de l\u2019ADN, poden apropar-se a gens llunyans gr\u00e0cies al plegament de l\u2019ADN i activar-ne l\u2019expressi\u00f3. El proc\u00e9s pot variar segons el tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lula.\" class=\"wp-image-52121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca.png 941w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca-126x224.png 126w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca-338x600.png 338w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca-768x1365.png 768w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/exec-575a290b-73ca-4123-a4e0-bb3f5c8afaca-864x1536.png 864w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 941px) 100vw, 941px\" \/><figcaption><em>Els potenciadors s\u00f3n regions reguladores de l\u2019ADN. Tot i que poden estar lluny del gen sobre el qual actuen, el plegament de l\u2019ADN permet que s\u2019apropin f\u00edsicament i en modulin l\u2019activitat. Infografia: elaboraci\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De les variants gen\u00e8tiques als gens afectats<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El nou atles<strong> pot ajudar a interpretar variants gen\u00e8tiques relacionades amb malalties<\/strong>. Moltes d\u2019aquestes variants no es troben dins dels gens, sin\u00f3 en<strong> regions reguladores<\/strong>. Saber sobre quin gen actua una regi\u00f3 i en quin teixit ho fa permet acotar millor els mecanismes biol\u00f2gics que podrien estar alterats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ramil Nurtdinov<\/strong> i <strong>Roderic Guig\u00f3<\/strong>, investigadors del CRG, han participat en el grup de treball d\u2019ENCODE responsable de l\u2019estudi. L\u2019equip del CRG ha contribu\u00eft amb <strong>EPIraction<\/strong>, un <strong>m\u00e8tode <\/strong>que <strong>compara diferents tipus cel\u00b7lulars <\/strong>per identificar les <strong>connexions entre potenciadors i gens espec\u00edfiques de cada teixit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El mapa ens apropa aix\u00ed a la pregunta central de la gen\u00f2mica de com pot un mateix genoma donar lloc a la gran diversitat de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que formen el cos hum\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:45px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Per saber-ne m\u00e9s<\/strong>:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consulta la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/en\/news\/encode-maps-more-92-million-dna-elements-control-human-genes?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">not\u00edcia publicada pel Centre de Regulaci\u00f3 Gen\u00f2mica (CRG)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El consorci ENCODE, amb participaci\u00f3 del CRG, ha creat l\u2019atles m\u00e9s complet fins ara de les regions de l\u2019ADN que regulen l\u2019activitat dels gens.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":52129,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[275,555,265,708,706,332],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-52116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-adn","tag-arn","tag-crg-ca","tag-genetica","tag-genomica","tag-gens","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52116"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52160,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52116\/revisions\/52160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52116"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=52116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}