{"id":48710,"date":"2025-08-01T10:03:05","date_gmt":"2025-08-01T08:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=48710"},"modified":"2025-08-01T10:02:59","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T08:02:59","slug":"com-lassociacio-indirecta-destimuls-condiciona-la-presa-de-decisions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/com-lassociacio-indirecta-destimuls-condiciona-la-presa-de-decisions\/","title":{"rendered":"Com l\u2019associaci\u00f3 indirecta d\u2019est\u00edmuls condiciona la presa de decisions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imim.cat\/noticies\/1356\/entenent-com-el-cervell-pren-decisions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estudi <\/a>del grup de l\u2019<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/arnau-busquets-imim-la-majoria-de-decisions-que-prenem-es-basen-en-experiencies-que-ens-han-passat\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Arnau Busquets<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>(<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.imim.es\/\" target=\"_blank\">Hospital del Mar Research Institute<\/a>) i condu\u00eft principalment per l\u2019estudiant de doctorat <strong>Jos\u00e9 Antonio Gonz\u00e1lez Parra<\/strong> dona noves pistes sobre com el cervell pren decisions a partir de les associacions indirectes entre diferents est\u00edmuls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019associaci\u00f3 indirecta es dona quan la resposta ve determinada per la<strong> relaci\u00f3 que s&#8217;estableix entre dos o m\u00e9s <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-cervell-al-ritme-de-la-musica\/\" target=\"_blank\">est\u00edmuls<\/a><\/strong>, al rev\u00e9s que l\u2019associaci\u00f3 directa en la que un sol est\u00edmul activa una resposta refor\u00e7ant o aversiva. Aix\u00ed com la segona est\u00e0 molt estudiada, sent l\u2019experiment de Pavlov el cas m\u00e9s conegut, la primera est\u00e0 for\u00e7a acceptada, per\u00f2 poc analitzada experimentalment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En aquest estudi, <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/arnau-busquets-imim-els-cientifics-som-els-primers-que-volem-el-benestar-dels-animals-si-lanimal-no-esta-be-el-resultat-no-sera-valid\/\" target=\"_blank\">portat a terme en ratolins<\/a>, se\u2019ls va fer associar est\u00edmuls olfactius i gustatius. L\u2019olor del pl\u00e0tan l\u2019associaven amb el gust <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/els-incubakers-tornen-i-busquen-reforcos\/\" target=\"_blank\">dol\u00e7<\/a>, mentre que l\u2019olor de l\u2019ametlla amb el <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/100-esmorzars-solidaris-en-10-anys-dincubakers\/\">sal<\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/100-esmorzars-solidaris-en-10-anys-dincubakers\/\" target=\"_blank\">a<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/100-esmorzars-solidaris-en-10-anys-dincubakers\/\">t<\/a>. Despr\u00e9s, se\u2019ls va sotmetre a un est\u00edmul negatiu que tamb\u00e9 estava associat al pl\u00e0tan. Des d\u2019aquell moment, rebutjaven el gust dol\u00e7 perqu\u00e8 el relacionaven &#8211; indirectament &#8211; amb l\u2019est\u00edmul negatiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019equip, a trav\u00e9s de <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/imatge-mesoscopica-mif\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">t\u00e8cniques d\u2019imatge<\/a>, <strong>va identificar l\u2019am\u00edgdala com la principal regi\u00f3 que s\u2019activa quan s\u2019associen els est\u00edmuls olfactius i gustatius<\/strong>, aix\u00ed com altres zones del <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/quan-cau-el-telo-de-la-consciencia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c\u00f2rtex cerebral<\/a> que interactuaven en altres etapes del proc\u00e9s. A m\u00e9s, per a comprovar el paper de l\u2019am\u00edgdala, <strong>es va inhibir la seva activitat amb <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/la-ia-permetra-dissenyar-vectors-virals-a-la-carta-per-al-tractament-del-cancer-i-les-malalties-rares\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>vectors virals<\/strong><\/a> i es va veure que els ratolins no creaven l\u2019associaci\u00f3 entre l\u2019olor i el gust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019am\u00edgdala \u00e9s una zona cerebral que participa en el desenvolupament d\u2019alguns trastorns mentals com l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-confinament-ha-afectat-la-salut-de-la-poblacio-infantil-a-espanya\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estr\u00e8s posttraum\u00e0tic<\/a> i que s\u2019associa amb la por i l\u2019ansietat, entre altres coses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAlteracions en aquestes associacions indirectes s\u00f3n la base de diferents patologies mentals\u201d, diu <strong>Busquets<\/strong>. \u201cTot i que l\u2019estudi \u00e9s en ratolins, entendre els circuits cerebrals d\u2019aquests processos cognitius complexos ens pot servir per intentar dissenyar aproximacions terap\u00e8utiques en humans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El grup dirigit per Arnau Busquets (Hospital del Mar Research Institute) mostra que l\u2019am\u00edgdala controla el proc\u00e9s d\u2019associaci\u00f3 entre est\u00edmuls.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":48707,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[263,213,221],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-48710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-cervell","tag-imim","tag-ratoli","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48710"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48722,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48710\/revisions\/48722"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48710"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=48710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}