{"id":31091,"date":"2022-06-23T16:06:36","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T14:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=31091"},"modified":"2022-07-01T12:30:58","modified_gmt":"2022-07-01T10:30:58","slug":"encendre-i-apagar-gens-per-formar-la-columna-vertebral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/encendre-i-apagar-gens-per-formar-la-columna-vertebral\/","title":{"rendered":"Encendre i apagar gens per formar la columna vertebral"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>El <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/groups\/ebisuya\/\" target=\"_blank\">grup de Miki Ebisuya<\/a><\/strong>, del <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.es\/\" target=\"_blank\">Laboratori Europeu de Biologia Molecular \u2013 Barcelona (EMBL Barcelona)<\/a>, ha aconseguit<a href=\"https:\/\/www.embl.org\/news\/science\/unravelling-the-origins-of-the-human-spine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> recrear per primer cop com <strong>es forma la columna vertebral<\/strong><\/a><strong> durant el desenvolupament embrionari<\/strong>. Ho han fet creant un <strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/autosabotatge-durant-el-desenvolupament-embrionari-en-mamifers\/\" target=\"_blank\">model 3D<em> in vitro<\/em><\/a> que imita els somites<\/strong>, que s\u00f3n les estructures precursores de les v\u00e8rtebres, les costelles i els m\u00fasculs de l&#8217;esquelet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se sap que el desenvolupament de la columna vertebral <strong>est\u00e0 regulat pel <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/lestudi-de-les-oscil%c2%b7lacions-genetiques-del-rellotge-de-segmentacio-ajuda-a-comprendre-una-malaltia-de-les-vertebres\/\" target=\"_blank\">rellotge de segmentaci\u00f3<\/a><\/strong>, \u00e9s a dir, per un <strong>grup de gens que s&#8217;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/apagar-i-encendre-el-cromosoma-x\/\" target=\"_blank\">activen i es desactiven<\/a> peri\u00f2dicament<\/strong>, creant <strong>ones oscil\u00b7lants. Marina Sanaki-Matsumiya<\/strong>, primera autora de l&#8217;estudi, explica que aquest rellotge de segmentaci\u00f3 \u00e9s tan important perqu\u00e8 \u201cels somites es formen peri\u00f2dicament un a un sota aquesta regulaci\u00f3\u201d. Afegeix que \u00absi aquesta formaci\u00f3 r\u00edtmica s&#8217;interromp, les v\u00e8rtebres i les costelles no adquireixen la forma i la mida adequades, cosa que provoca malalties \u00f2ssies cong\u00e8nites\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per dur a terme aquesta investigaci\u00f3, l&#8217;equip va cultivar c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare humanes<em> in vitro<\/em><strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/recreant-la-biologia-del-desenvolupament-en-una-placa-de-petri\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">creant un model en 3D <\/a>que imita els somites<\/strong>: els <strong>somitoides<\/strong>. En aquests organoides, van estudiar com el rellotge de segmentaci\u00f3 regula el desenvolupament creant ones d&#8217;expressi\u00f3 del <strong>gen <em>HES7<\/em><\/strong>, que exerceix un <strong>paper clau en el creixement dels somites<\/strong>. Van trobar clares evid\u00e8ncies d&#8217;oscil\u00b7lacions, especialment quan la somitog\u00e8nesi o la formaci\u00f3 dels somites estava a punt de comen\u00e7ar. A m\u00e9s, es va observar una relaci\u00f3 entre la mida del somita i el rellotge de segmentaci\u00f3: \u00abEn els somitoides que creem, els <strong>somites tenien una mida constant independent del nombre inicial de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules<\/strong>\u00ab, explica Sanaki-Matsumiya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tot i aix\u00f2, l&#8217;expressi\u00f3 oscil\u00b7lant dura de 2 a 3 hores en els ratolins, mentre que en els humans el per\u00edode \u00e9s de 5 a 6 hores. Per tant, el pas seg\u00fcent del grup ser\u00e0 entendre <strong>per qu\u00e8 el <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/per-que-els-humans-viuen-mes-que-els-ratolins\/\" target=\"_blank\">desenvolupament embrionari entre esp\u00e8cies<\/a> \u00e9s tan diferent<\/strong> i com afecta el rellotge de segmentaci\u00f3. La investigadora principal, <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/miki-ebisuya-embl-barcelona-investigar-es-un-privilegi-puc-dedicar-la-meva-vida-a-estudiar-el-que-em-fascina\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Miki Ebisuya<\/a>, conclou que \u00abel nostre proper projecte se centrar\u00e0 a crear somitoides de diferents esp\u00e8cies, mesurar-ne la proliferaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular i la velocitat de migraci\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules per establir les difer\u00e8ncies en la somitog\u00e8nesi entre esp\u00e8cies\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;EMBL de Barcelona ha fet un estudi on s&#8217;ha observat com la oscil\u00b7laci\u00f3 entre l&#8217;activaci\u00f3 i la inactivaci\u00f3 de determinats gens influeix en la formaci\u00f3 de la columna vertebral durant el desenvolupament embrionari.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":31073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[277,279,561],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-31091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-desenvolupament","tag-embl-barcelona-ca","tag-organoides-ca","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31091"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31091\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31302,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31091\/revisions\/31302"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31091"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=31091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}