{"id":26089,"date":"2021-11-05T12:03:07","date_gmt":"2021-11-05T11:03:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=26089"},"modified":"2021-11-05T12:03:17","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T11:03:17","slug":"la-primera-pindola-viva-per-tractar-infeccions-resistents-als-antibiotics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/la-primera-pindola-viva-per-tractar-infeccions-resistents-als-antibiotics\/","title":{"rendered":"La primera \u00abp\u00edndola viva\u00bb per tractar infeccions resistents als antibi\u00f2tics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per molt que s&#8217;esterilitzin, els <strong>implants m\u00e8dics<\/strong>, com cat\u00e8ters o marcapassos, poden <strong>infectar-se per biofilms<\/strong>, <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/demostren-que-els-bacteris-poden-emmagatzemar-informacio-de-manera-similar-a-les-neurones\/\" target=\"_blank\">col\u00f2nies de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules bacterianes que s&#8217;enganxen sobre una superf\u00edcie<\/a>. Aquestes impenetrables capes impedeixen que els antibi\u00f2tics o el sistema immunitari hum\u00e0 destrueixin <strong>els bacteris all\u00ed incrustats<\/strong>, fent-los fins a <strong>mil vegades m\u00e9s <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/vols-ajudar-a-resoldre-la-crisi-de-resistencia-als-antibiotics-juga-correctament-les-teves-cartes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">resistents als antibi\u00f2tics<\/a><\/strong> que els bacteris lliures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <strong>soluci\u00f3 <\/strong>per aquestes infeccions passa per intervenir quir\u00fargicament als pacients per extreure els implants m\u00e8dics infectats. L&#8217;alternativa \u00e9s <strong>introduir anticossos o enzims que destrueixin els bacteris <\/strong>del biofilm, per\u00f2 aquests s\u00f3n <strong>altament t\u00f2xics<\/strong> per a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cient\u00edfiques i cient\u00edfics del <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Centre de Regulaci\u00f3 Gen\u00f2mica (CRG)<\/a> i de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pulmobio.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pulmobiotics S.L. <\/a>(una recent spin-off del mateix centre) <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/en\/news\/researchers-create-living-medicine-treat-drug-resistant-infections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">han modificat el bacteri <em>Mycoplasma<\/em> <em>pneumoniae<\/em> per fer que transporti fins a l&#8217;implant a aquests enzims<\/a><\/strong>, que aix\u00ed poden actuar localment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Biologia sint\u00e8tica: reconstruir un bacteri &#8216;dolent&#8217; per ajudar-nos<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els bacteris s\u00f3n un vector ideal, ja que tenen <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/nosaltres-no-fem-biologia-fem-enginyeria-amb-peces-biologiques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">genomes petits que es poden modificar mitjan\u00e7ant la simple manipulaci\u00f3 gen\u00e8tica<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El primer que va fer l&#8217;equip cient\u00edfic va ser <strong>modificar <\/strong><em><strong>M. pneumoniae<\/strong> <\/em>(una causa comuna d&#8217;infeccions respirat\u00f2ries) perqu\u00e8 no caus\u00e9s malalties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A continuaci\u00f3, <strong>van introduir altres canvis al seu ADN que li permetien produir dos enzims<\/strong> que dissolen els biofilms i ataquen els bacteris incrustats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:44px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Per primera vegada s&#8217;ha modificat un bacteri (<em>M.pneumoniae<\/em>) i s&#8217;ha fet servir en ratolins per combatre altres bacteris<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:44px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per comprovar-ne el funcionament, es va inocular aquesta &#8216;<strong>p\u00edndola viva&#8217; sota la pell a ratolins <\/strong>que tenien cat\u00e8ters infectats: el tractament va acabar amb les infeccions en el 82% dels animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:55px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un petit primer pas per al bacteri, un gran pas per a la medicina viva<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El <strong>primer objectiu <\/strong>de l&#8217;equip cient\u00edfic \u00e9s fer servir els bacteris modificats per tractar els biofilms al voltant de <strong>tubs endotraqueals<\/strong>, ja que <em>M. pneumoniae<\/em> est\u00e0 naturalment adaptat al pulm\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u201cEl nostre proper repte \u00e9s abordar la producci\u00f3 i fabricaci\u00f3 a gran escala, i esperem comen\u00e7ar els assaigs cl\u00ednics el 2023\u201d<br><strong>Maria Lluch<\/strong>, coautora de l&#8217;estudi i directora cient\u00edfica de Pulmobiotics<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per\u00f2 els bacteris modificats <strong>tamb\u00e9 es podran aplicar a llarg termini en altres malalties<\/strong>. \u201cUna vegada que arriben a la destinaci\u00f3, <strong>els vectors bacterians ofereixen una<\/strong> <strong>producci\u00f3 cont\u00ednua i localitzada de la mol\u00e8cula terap\u00e8utica<\/strong>. Com qualsevol vehicle, els nostres bacteris es poden modificar amb c\u00e0rregues diferents adre\u00e7ades a malalties diferents, amb m\u00e9s aplicacions potencials en el futur,\u201d <strong>diu Luis Serrano<\/strong>, director del CRG i coautor de l&#8217;estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/pulmobiotics-reconvertir-un-patogen-per-lluitar-contra-les-malalties-pulmonars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pulmobiotics <\/a>acaba de rebre el <strong>Premi Nacional d&#8217;Innovaci\u00f3 a crear una empresa amb base cient\u00edfica<\/strong>. Aquesta \u00e9s una nova categoria, estrenada l&#8217;any passat, dels <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/marc-guell-dcexs-upf-rep-el-premi-nacional-de-ciencia-al-talent-jove\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Premis Nacionals de Recerca<\/a>, el m\u00e0xim reconeixement a l&#8217;activitat cient\u00edfica a Catalunya, atorgat per la Generalitat de Catalunya i la Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana per a la Recerca i la Innovaci\u00f3 (FCRI).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Una col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 entre el CRG i Pulmobiotics S.L., entre d&#8217;altres, ha creat la primera p\u00edndola feta amb microorganismes per tractar bacteris resistents als antibi\u00f2tics que s&#8217;expandeixen a les superf\u00edcies dels implants m\u00e8dics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":26065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[477,307,265,726,670],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-26089","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-bacteris","tag-biologia-sintetica","tag-crg-ca","tag-innovacio","tag-respiratori","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26089","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26089"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26089\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26120,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26089\/revisions\/26120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26089"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26089"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26089"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=26089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}