{"id":17280,"date":"2020-08-06T14:22:11","date_gmt":"2020-08-06T12:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=17280"},"modified":"2020-09-01T10:22:03","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T08:22:03","slug":"noves-dades-del-projecte-encode-el-cos-huma-esta-format-per-cinc-grans-grups-de-cellules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/noves-dades-del-projecte-encode-el-cos-huma-esta-format-per-cinc-grans-grups-de-cellules\/","title":{"rendered":"Noves dades del projecte ENCODE:  el cos hum\u00e0 est\u00e0 format per cinc grans grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El genoma hum\u00e0 sovint ha estat comparat amb un llibre d&#8217;instruccions. Per\u00f2 la seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia en s\u00ed mateixa &#8211; totes les lletres que formen el llibre &#8211; no \u00e9s suficient per entendre-les. Igual que amb un llibre real, es necessiten elements que \u00abregulen\u00bb les lletres i ajuden a donar-los sentit: espais entre paraules, par\u00e0grafs, cap\u00edtols, aix\u00ed com puntuaci\u00f3, signes d&#8217;interrogaci\u00f3, par\u00e8ntesi&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que el projecte <strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.encodeproject.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">ENCODE<\/a><\/strong> ha estat intentant <strong>construir un mapa de tots els elements funcionals del genoma hum\u00e0 (i de ratol\u00ed) <\/strong>des que es va posar en marxa el 2003, poc despr\u00e9s de la seq\u00fcenciaci\u00f3 del primer genoma hum\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>El projecte ENCODE t\u00e9 com a objectiu crear un mapa de tots els elements funcionals en el genoma hum\u00e0, \u00e9s a dir, qualsevol regi\u00f3 que regula l&#8217;expressi\u00f3 g\u00e8nica.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquest mes <strong>cient\u00edfics de tot<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2493-4\" target=\"_blank\"> <\/a>el m\u00f3n han publicat els resultats de la tercera fase del projecte ENCODE <\/strong>en un <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2493-4\" target=\"_blank\">article a <em>Nature <\/em><\/a>i diversos articles acompanyants. L&#8217;article principal \u00e9s el resultat de gaireb\u00e9<strong> 6.000 experiments<\/strong> i presenta un <strong>servidor web<\/strong> (SCREEN;&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/screen.encodeproject.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/screen.encodeproject.org<\/a>) amb<strong> m\u00e9s de 900.000 possibles elements reguladors humans, i 300.000 de ratol\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Roderic Guig\u00f3<\/strong>, del <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.crg.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\">Centre de Regulaci\u00f3 Gen\u00f2mica (CRG)<\/a>, forma part del Consorci Internacional d&#8217;aproximadament 500 cient\u00edfics que estan analitzant les dades d&#8217;ENCODE. Tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s l&#8217;investigador principal, juntament amb Thomas Gingeras de Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory (CHSL), d&#8217;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/genome.cshlp.org\/content\/30\/7\/1047\" target=\"_blank\">un dels articles complementaris<\/a> que donen m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre les dades. En particular, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/en\/news\/human-body-mostly-composed-just-five-major-groups-cell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">el seu estudi ha demostrat que <strong>les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules en el cos hum\u00e0 es poden classificar en cinc grans grups en funci\u00f3 del seu transcriptoma<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>(el conjunt de gens transcrits).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els cinc grups cel\u00b7lulars actuen com a blocs de construcci\u00f3 elementals, a partir dels quals es formen els teixits i \u00f2rgans. Basant-se en l&#8217;expressi\u00f3 d&#8217;aquests gens, els autors van estimar la composici\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular dels teixits, i van trobar que aquesta canvia amb l&#8217;edat, el sexe i amb malalties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00abEl nostre treball redefineix, en base a l\u2019expressi\u00f3 g\u00e8nica, els tipus histol\u00f2gics b\u00e0sics en els qu\u00e8 els teixits s\u2019han classificat tradicionalment\u00bb <br><strong>Roderic Guig\u00f3<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00abComprendre com aquests cinc grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules formen el teixit hum\u00e0 \u00e9s un primer pas per ajudar a caracteritzar malalties\u00bb, declara Manuel Mu\u00f1oz Aguirre, un dels coautors i investigador del CRG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;estudi liderat per l&#8217;investigador del CRG Roderic Guig\u00f3 forma part del projecte ENCODE, que intenta crear un mapa de tots els elements funcionals del genoma hum\u00e0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17277,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[265,289,706,332],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-17280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-crg-ca","tag-genoma","tag-genomica","tag-gens","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17280"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17481,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17280\/revisions\/17481"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17280"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=17280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}