{"id":17135,"date":"2020-07-24T10:44:45","date_gmt":"2020-07-24T08:44:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=17135"},"modified":"2020-09-03T11:28:25","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T09:28:25","slug":"els-vasos-sanguinis-regulen-la-proliferacio-i-diferenciacio-de-les-neurones-sensorials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/els-vasos-sanguinis-regulen-la-proliferacio-i-diferenciacio-de-les-neurones-sensorials\/","title":{"rendered":"Els vasos sanguinis regulen la proliferaci\u00f3 i diferenciaci\u00f3 de les neurones sensorials"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En<a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-peix-zebra-una-finestra-transparent-a-la-nostra-biologia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> peix zebra<\/a>,<strong> les neurones del sistema nervi\u00f3s perif\u00e8ric i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules dels vasos sanguinis es parlen entre elles a trav\u00e9s d\u2019unes protrusions<\/strong> <strong>din\u00e0miques anomenades citonemes o filopodis senyalitzadors<\/strong>. Aquesta comunicaci\u00f3 ajuda a regular la proliferaci\u00f3 i diferenciaci\u00f3 de les neurones, <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upf.edu\/web\/focus\/noticies\/-\/asset_publisher\/qOocsyZZDGHL\/content\/id\/236167374\/maximized\" target=\"_blank\">segons un trio d\u2019investigadors liderats per Berta Alsina,<\/a> investigadora principal del grup de Morfog\u00e8nesi i Senyalitzaci\u00f3 en els Sistemes Sensorials del DCEXS-UPF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style>\n<div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\/UkkjQSwCZqI\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Decisions, decisions, decisions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un cop neixen, <strong>les neurones que es troben al sistema nervi\u00f3s perif\u00e8ric han de decidir entre<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>quedar-se <strong>quiescents <\/strong>(quedar-se latents, adormides, fins a que sigui necessari reactivar-les)<\/li><li><strong>proliferar <\/strong>(multiplicar-se, per augmentar el nombre de neurones)<\/li><li><strong>diferenciar-se<\/strong> (convertir-se en neurones especialitzades, per exemple neurones auditives, nociceptives o de Purkinje)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9s important que hi hagi un <strong>equilibri entre les neurones que prenen cada decisi\u00f3<\/strong>, per tal de tenir el nombre adequat de neurones en el moment prec\u00eds. Si no, poden sorgir problemes, que en el cas de les neurones de la o\u00efda podrien donar lloc a sordesa o&nbsp; vertigen, per exemple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per\u00f2 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules no estan pre-programades per seguir un d\u2019aquests camins per defecte, sin\u00f3 que <strong>la decisi\u00f3 dep\u00e8n de la comunicaci\u00f3 amb altres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del seu entorn, o n\u00ednxol.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>El paper de la sang<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Des de fa poc se sap que, a nivell del sistema nervi\u00f3s central, els vasos sanguinis es comuniquen amb les neurones a nivell f\u00edsic i regulen la pluripot\u00e8ncia de les c\u00e8l.lules mare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cJa s\u2019havia vist que <strong>les neurones emboliquen els vasos<\/strong>, que es toquen a nivell f\u00edsic. Per\u00f2 el qu\u00e8 hem vist, observant en viu a temps real, \u00e9s que <strong>aquests contactes s\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de filopodis i s\u00f3n din\u00e0mics<\/strong>, el que permet una regulaci\u00f3 molt fina a nivell de temps i d\u2019espai, perqu\u00e8 poden decidir quina c\u00e8l\u00b7lula toquen i quan\u201d, explica <strong>Laura Taberner<\/strong>. L\u2019estudi \u00e9s el resultat de la seva tesi doctoral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00abEls precursors neuronals i els vasos sanguinis es contacten a trav\u00e9s de filopodis de forma din\u00e0mica, el que permet una regulaci\u00f3 molt fina a nivell de temps i d\u2019espai\u201d<br><strong>Laura Taberner<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/receptes-per-fer-organismes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L\u2019equip dirigit per Berta Alsina<\/a> ha vist aquestes connexions, per primera vegada, en el sistema nervi\u00f3s perif\u00e8ric, concretament a l\u2019o\u00efda del peix zebra. L\u2019equip investigador ha utilitzat <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/la-linia-lateral-del-peix-zebrafish\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">embrions de peix zebra amb marcadors fluorescents<\/a><\/strong> tant en <strong>c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endotelials<\/strong> (les que formen els vasos sanguinis) com en els <strong>precursors neuronals <\/strong>de l\u2019o\u00efda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les cient\u00edfiques han pogut determinar que hi ha <strong>dos tipus de contacte entre la sang i les neurones<\/strong>, que tenen lloc en diferents moments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li>Entre les 24 i les 36h de desenvolupament, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endotelials formen<strong> citonemes que toquen alguns dels precursors neuronals de l\u2019o\u00efda<\/strong>, fent que deixin de proliferar i es mantinguin quiescents.<\/li><li>Entre les 48 a 60h, els fil\u00b7lopodis desapareixen, per\u00f2 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la sang tornen a jugar un paper important <strong>fent arribar l\u2019oxigen als precursors neuronals<\/strong>, el qu\u00e8 produeix un canvi metab\u00f2lic que fa que passin de proliferar a diferenciar-se.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cM&#8217;ho he passat molt b\u00e9 desenvolupament aquest projecte nou al laboratori, he apr\u00e8s molt i hem aportat coneixements que s\u00f3n rellevants\u201d, diu Taberner, qui&nbsp;despr\u00e9s de&nbsp;la tesi va fer tamb\u00e9 un m\u00e0ster en educaci\u00f3 i ara espera fer un tomb a la seva carrera per a dedicar-se a donar classes a l\u2019institut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Escoltem a la Laura Taberner parlant d&#8217;aquest projecte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style>\n<div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/\/6hKXbcNkuTw\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Laura Taberner ens parla de la recerca que ha realitzat durant la seva tesi, on ha vist com els vasos sanguinis regulen la diferenciaci\u00f3 dels precursors neuronals a l&#8217;o\u00efda del peix zebra.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17181,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[277,273,406,247,424],"new-type":[38,35],"class_list":["post-17135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-desenvolupament","tag-melis-upf-ca","tag-neurodesenvolupament","tag-peix-zebra","tag-video-ca","new-type-a-fons","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17135"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17161,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17135\/revisions\/17161"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17135"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=17135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}