{"id":14085,"date":"2020-04-20T09:00:09","date_gmt":"2020-04-20T07:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=14085"},"modified":"2020-04-20T09:42:22","modified_gmt":"2020-04-20T07:42:22","slug":"recuperada-levidencia-genetica-humana-mes-antiga-fins-a-dia-davui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/recuperada-levidencia-genetica-humana-mes-antiga-fins-a-dia-davui\/","title":{"rendered":"Recuperada l&#8217;evid\u00e8ncia gen\u00e8tica humana m\u00e9s antiga fins a dia d&#8217;avui"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gr\u00e0cies a un estudi interdisciplinari en el que han participat la Unitat de Prote\u00f2mica (CRG-UPF) i l&#8217;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibe.upf-csic.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE: CSIC-UPF)<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibe.upf-csic.es\/home\/-\/asset_publisher\/T2caeLMECPvW\/content\/id\/233815161\/maximized\"><strong>s&#8217;ha recuperat per primer cop material prote\u00ednic d&#8217;una esp\u00e8cie humana<\/strong><\/a>, que va viure a Europa fa 800.000 anys aproximadament. Concretament, el material analitzat prov\u00e9 de l&#8217;<strong>esmalt d&#8217;una dent\u00a0<\/strong>d&#8217;<strong><em>Homo antecessor<\/em><\/strong>. Aquesta troballa permet determinar de manera molt precisa la posici\u00f3 d&#8217;aquesta esp\u00e8cie a l&#8217;<strong>arbre geneal\u00f2gic hum\u00e0<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;estudi d&#8217;aquesta mostra ha sigut possible gr\u00e0cies a la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/la-paleoproteomica-ens-transporta-a-fa-2-milions-danys-i-resol-el-misteri-dun-simi-gegant-extinct\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>paleoprote\u00f2mica<\/strong><\/a>, \u00e9s a dir, l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi de prote\u00efnes antigues mitjan\u00e7ant espectrometria de masses. Aquesta nova t\u00e8cnica ha perm\u00e8s recuperar evid\u00e8ncies moleculars humanes datades d&#8217;una\u00a0<strong>antiguitat molt superior a l&#8217;aconseguida fins a dia d&#8217;avui mitjan\u00e7ant l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi d&#8217;ADN antic<\/strong> i\/o observacions de la morfologia dels f\u00f2ssils ja que, degut a la degradaci\u00f3 qu\u00edmica de l&#8217;ADN amb el pas del temps, el material gen\u00e8tic hum\u00e0 m\u00e9s antic recuperat amb prou feines supera els 400.000 anys.<\/p>\n<p>Els resultats de l&#8217;estudi demostren una\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crg.eu\/en\/news\/mysterious-ancestor-finds-new-place-humanitys-family-tree\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>estreta relaci\u00f3 entre\u00a0<em>Homo antecessor<\/em>, els neandertals, els humans moderns i els Denisovans<\/strong><\/a>, recolzant la idea de que\u00a0<em>Homo antecessor\u00a0<\/em>era un grup germ\u00e0 del conjunt d&#8217;hom\u00ednids que contenia\u00a0<em>Homo sapiens<\/em>,\u00a0<em>Homo neanderthalensis<\/em> i Denisovans.<\/p>\n<p>Els f\u00f2ssils analitzats en aquest estudi, de fet, van ser trobats al\u00a0<strong>1994<\/strong> al\u00a0<strong>nivell estratigr\u00e0fic TD6<\/strong> del <strong>jaciment de La Gran Dolina a la Serra d&#8217;Atapuerca<\/strong> (Burgos, Espanya).<\/p>\n<p>Si b\u00e9 durant anys la relaci\u00f3 exacta entre\u00a0<em>Homo antecessor\u00a0<\/em>i altres grups humans (com nosaltres mateixos i els neandertals) s&#8217;ha discutit intensament entre els experts, les noves troballes al TD6 i estudis posteriors han revelat que:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Existeixen diversos\u00a0<strong>car\u00e0cters compartits\u00a0<\/strong>entre esp\u00e8cies humanes trobades a Atapuerca i neandertals.<\/li>\n<li>Les <strong>caracter\u00edstiques facials<\/strong> d&#8217;<em>Homo antecessor<\/em> s\u00f3n molt similars a les d&#8217;<em>Homo sapiens<\/em>\u00a0i molt diferents a les dels neandertals i els seus avantpassats m\u00e9s recents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Per tant,\u00a0<em><strong>Homo antecessor<\/strong><\/em><strong> podria ser una esp\u00e8cie basal de la humanitat emergent<\/strong> que va donar lloc a neandertals, Denisovans i humans moderns.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;an\u00e0lisi de prote\u00efnes antigues mitjan\u00e7ant l&#8217;espectrometria de masses, t\u00e8cnica coneguda com a paleoprote\u00f2mica, ha perm\u00e8s recuperar per primer cop material prote\u00ednic d&#8217;una esp\u00e8cie humana, que va viure a Europa fa 800.000 anys aproximadament.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":14074,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[275,297,265,283,708,346,211,329,620],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-14085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-adn","tag-biologia-molecular","tag-crg-ca","tag-evolucio","tag-genetica","tag-historia","tag-ibe-csic-upf","tag-proteines","tag-proteomica","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14085"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14085\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14108,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14085\/revisions\/14108"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14085"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=14085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}