{"id":12276,"date":"2020-01-17T15:11:54","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T14:11:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=12276"},"modified":"2024-04-30T17:26:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T15:26:38","slug":"sis-gens-del-cromosoma-y-podrien-explicar-laugment-de-risc-dels-homes-a-patir-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/sis-gens-del-cromosoma-y-podrien-explicar-laugment-de-risc-dels-homes-a-patir-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Sis gens del cromosoma Y podrien explicar l\u2019augment de risc dels homes a patir c\u00e0ncer"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M\u00e9s <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/descobreixen-una-peca-clau-que-permetria-tractar-els-cancers-mes-agressius\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">c\u00e0ncer<\/a> i de pitjor pron\u00f2stic, i menor esperan\u00e7a de vida. Aquest \u00e9s el preu que han de pagar els homes per\u2026 b\u00e9, pel fet de ser homes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investigadors de l&#8217;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal)<\/a>\u00a0han desxifrat <strong>una de les claus biol\u00f2giques d\u2019aquesta difer\u00e8ncia entre els dos sexes<\/strong>, que rau precisament en el <strong>cromosoma Y<\/strong> (nom\u00e9s present en els mascles). Des de fa temps se sap que, en envellir, els homes poden perdre aquest petit cromosoma en algunes de les seves c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, durant la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular. Un equip liderat per <\/span>Juan Ram\u00f3n Gonz\u00e1lez<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, cap del Grup de Bioinform\u00e0tica en Epidemiologia Gen\u00e8tica d\u2019ISGlobal, ha trobat que <strong>la p\u00e8rdua de funci\u00f3 d\u2019aquest cromosoma &#8211; i en especial de sis dels seus gens &#8211; est\u00e0 lligada a un major risc de diversos tipus de c\u00e0ncer<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aquests sis gens del cromosoma Y estan<\/span><b> implicats en la regulaci\u00f3 del <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/estudiant-la-divisio-cel%c2%b7lular-en-granotes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cicle cel\u00b7lular<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, un proc\u00e9s que, quan falla, pot donar lloc al desenvolupament de tumors.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En envellir, els homes poden perdre el cromosoma Y en algunes de les seves c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. Ara, investigadors d&#8217;ISGlobal han trobat que la p\u00e8rdua de funci\u00f3 de 6 gens d&#8217;aquest cromosoma podria explicar l&#8217;increment de risc de c\u00e0ncer en homes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Per a que el <strong>tumor<\/strong> tingui lloc, per\u00f2, <strong>cal que estiguin mutats tamb\u00e9 uns gens similars presents al cromosoma X<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cSi la c\u00f2pia del cromosoma X est\u00e0 mutada, i la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula aleshores perd la funci\u00f3 dels gens del Y \u2013el que s&#8217;ha demostrat que passa\u2013 la possible protecci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica d&#8217;aquests gens contra el c\u00e0ncer es perd completament\u201d, explica el<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">primer autor de l\u2019estudi, <\/span>Alejandro C\u00e1ceres.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/ca\/-\/la-perdida-de-funcion-de-genes-clave-del-cromosoma-y-incrementa-el-riesgo-de-los-hombres-a-padecer-cancer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Els cient\u00edfics han trobat<\/a> tamb\u00e9 que la <strong>causa<\/strong> de l\u2019increment de risc \u00e9s la p\u00e8rdua de funci\u00f3 dels gens, i que aix\u00f2 pot passar per dues raons principals:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>P\u00e8rdua del cromosoma<\/strong> (durant la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Metilaci\u00f3 de l\u2019ADN<\/strong> (una modificaci\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/epigenetica-mes-enlla-dels-gens\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">epigen\u00e8tica<\/a> que, segons els investigadors, podria estar relacionada amb certes exposicions ambientals, com el tabac i <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/ressenya-vive-mas-vive-mejor-reduciendo-toxicos-y-contaminantes-ambientales\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">altres t\u00f2xics<\/a>)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&#8217;estudi ha analitzat dades de 9.000 homes, provinents de repositoris p\u00fablics, i ha estat<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0realitzat en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb Luis A P\u00e9rez-Jurado del\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.upf.edu\/web\/biomed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Departament de Ci\u00e8ncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (DCEXS-UPF)<\/a>, aix\u00ed com investigadors de la Universitat d&#8217;Adelaide i del Centre Gen\u00f2mic d&#8217;Est\u00f2nia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style>\n<div class='embed-container'><iframe src='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kGXeBcesTM8' frameborder='0' allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un estudi d\u2019ISGlobal revela com la p\u00e8rdua de funci\u00f3 de gens del cromosoma Y podria ajudar a explicar perqu\u00e8 el c\u00e0ncer afecta m\u00e9s als homes que a les dones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":12279,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[312,271,289,332,295],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-12276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recerca","tag-cancer-ca","tag-divisio-cellular","tag-genoma","tag-gens","tag-isglobal-cat","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12276"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42353,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12276\/revisions\/42353"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12276"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=12276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}