{"id":10758,"date":"2019-11-01T10:39:14","date_gmt":"2019-11-01T09:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/?p=10758"},"modified":"2019-11-04T15:27:55","modified_gmt":"2019-11-04T14:27:55","slug":"el-meravellos-mon-de-les-nanoparticules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-meravellos-mon-de-les-nanoparticules\/","title":{"rendered":"El meravell\u00f3s m\u00f3n de les nanopart\u00edcules"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El passat mes de mar\u00e7 va tenir lloc \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/www.upf.edu\/web\/biomed\/news\/-\/asset_publisher\/CRcETTCV7Uyn\/content\/id\/223456968\/maximized\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Blog your research<\/a>\u00ab, un taller dirigit a cient\u00edfiques i cient\u00edfics interessats en apropar la seva recerca al p\u00fablic, organitzat pel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upf.edu\/web\/biomed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Departament de Ci\u00e8ncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (DCEXS-UPF)<\/a> i el <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prbb.org\/ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parc de Recerca Biom\u00e8dica de Barcelona (PRBB)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Paula Zamora<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/tag\/doctorat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estudiant de doctorat<\/a> d&#8217;\u00faltim any al <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-cancer-de-pancrees-es-capac-de-protegir-se-contra-els-farmacs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">laboratori dirigit per Pilar Rivera<\/a> al DCEXS-UPF, va ser una de les participants d&#8217;aquest taller, i en aquest post divulgatiu ens apropa a les nanopart\u00edcules des de la seva pr\u00f2pia experi\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p>Tot va comen\u00e7ar fa quatre anys. Impossible oblidar el dia que estava a l&#8217;hospital amb la meva mare i em van notificar que havia aconseguit la pla\u00e7a que feia un parell d&#8217;anys que anava buscant. Es va fer esperar, per\u00f2 el desitjat doctorat va arribar. Anava sobre l&#8217;<strong>\u00fas de nanopart\u00edcules met\u00e0l\u00b7liques per a <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/pot-el-nostre-sistema-immunitari-eliminar-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tractar tumors<\/a><\/strong>, un tema que realment em va motivar. Recordo que abans de comen\u00e7ar, milers de preguntes em van passar pel cap. Jo, que venia del camp de la veterin\u00e0ria, no podia imaginar-me qu\u00e8 era una nanopart\u00edcula, com es feien, per a qu\u00e8 s&#8217;utilitzaven&#8230; Honestament, era una barreja de curiositat descontrolada i ganes de sortir corrents.<\/p>\n<p>Ara que han passat gaireb\u00e9 quatre anys, miro enrere i <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/coses-que-necessites-saber-abans-de-dedicar-te-a-la-ciencia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">el cam\u00ed ha estat tortu\u00f3s<\/a>. L&#8217;efervesc\u00e8ncia de la\u00a0<strong>nanotecnologia<\/strong> m&#8217;ha emp\u00e8s a llegir infinites publicacions. Gr\u00e0cies a aix\u00f2, he pogut donar resposta a les meves preguntes inicials i, no menys important, guanyar-me el premi a &#8216;friki&#8217; de l&#8217;any entre les meves amistats. \u00c9s el que t\u00e9 emportar-se <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/lart-de-publicar-un-article-cientific\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">articles cient\u00edfics<\/a> a tot arreu (bars, viatges&#8230;).<\/p>\n<p>En realitat,\u00a0<strong>les nanopart\u00edcules no s\u00f3n m\u00e9s que part\u00edcules molt petites<\/strong>. Penseu que,\u00a0<strong>en el di\u00e0metre d&#8217;un p\u00e8l nostre, s&#8217;encabrien al voltant d&#8217;unes mil nanopart\u00edcules<\/strong>. El seu secret millor amagat i el que les fa tan especials s\u00f3n les seves dimensions. <strong>En aquesta nanoescala, els materials adquireixen s\u00faper-poders que no tenen a mida normal<\/strong>. Les\u00a0<strong>nanopart\u00edcules de plata<\/strong> per exemple, poden presentar diversos colors en funci\u00f3 de la seva forma. En canvi, un anell de plata, per m\u00e9s que li canviem el disseny, no canviar\u00e0 de color.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>En el di\u00e0metre d&#8217;un p\u00e8l nostre, s&#8217;encabrien al voltant d&#8217;unes mil nanopart\u00edcules.\u00a0En aquesta nanoescala, els materials adquireixen s\u00faper-poders que no tenen a mida normal.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Aqu\u00ed teniu un v\u00eddeo de com es veuen <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/el-cancer-de-pancrees-es-capac-de-protegir-se-contra-els-farmacs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nanopart\u00edcules d&#8217;or<\/a> sota el microscopi. Degut a la seva bona interacci\u00f3 amb la llum podem captar els colors que reflecteixen, que depenen de les seves propietats f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmiques.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 1170px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-10758-1\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/VID_20190713_225532.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/VID_20190713_225532.mp4\">https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/VID_20190713_225532.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>I, <strong>com es creen les nanopart\u00edcules? <\/strong>Hi ha dues formes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La primera implica agafar el material i fer-lo trossets, estil picadora de gel.<\/li>\n<li>La segona, controlar el comportament de part\u00edcules molt petites per a que s&#8217;acoblin formant part\u00edcules m\u00e9s grans fins adquirir la mida desitjada, com si fossin nines russes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s,\u00a0<strong>les nanopart\u00edcules es poden fabricar amb diversos materials<\/strong>, des de components que trobem al nostre organisme, com greixos, fins metalls com or i titani. Aquestes nanopart\u00edcules les utilitza la nanomedicina, entre altres, per:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Imatge<\/strong>: emetent senyal com color, llum o contrast.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diagn\u00f2stic<\/strong>: detectant la pres\u00e8ncia de malalties.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ter\u00e0pia<\/strong>: generant calor, per exemple per matar c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals o <a href=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/nosaltres-no-fem-biologia-fem-enginyeria-amb-peces-biologiques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">alliberant f\u00e0rmacs per malalties espec\u00edfiques<\/a>. Tamb\u00e9 es pot utilitzar la calor per alliberar aquests components.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Teran\u00f2stic<\/strong>: combinant diagn\u00f2stic i tractament, on davant d&#8217;un senyal de malaltia s&#8217;allibera el tractament de forma intel\u00b7ligent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-10859\" src=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/enanoparticulas-CAT.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"744\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/enanoparticulas-CAT.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/enanoparticulas-CAT-385x224.jpg 385w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/enanoparticulas-CAT-768x446.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/enanoparticulas-CAT-1032x600.jpg 1032w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Com podeu veure, aquestes s\u00faper part\u00edcules poden fer les mil i una. Coneixent i controlant les seves propietats, es poden aconseguir les eines necess\u00e0ries per a cada aplicaci\u00f3. Esperem que amb aquest article se us hagi despertat la curiositat. Ara ja no teniu excusa per no seguir indagant al m\u00f3n de les nanopart\u00edcules!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En aquest article, l&#8217;estudiant de doctorat Paula Zamora (DCEXS-UPF) ens parla, des de la seva pr\u00f2pia experi\u00e8ncia, de l&#8217;\u00fas de les nanopart\u00edcules en biomedicina, camp d&#8217;estudi de la investigadora.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":10112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[312,657,273,614,358],"new-type":[35],"class_list":["post-10758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-i-societat","tag-cancer-ca","tag-doctorat","tag-melis-upf-ca","tag-nanobiologia","tag-upf-ca","new-type-noticies"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10758"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11063,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10758\/revisions\/11063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10758"},{"taxonomy":"new-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellipse.prbb.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/new-type?post=10758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}